FCC Updates Satellite Power Rules, Embracing Adaptive Regulations

FCC to Update Satellite Power Regulations Amid Modernization Efforts

In a move to modernize and revise satellite communication regulations, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is setting the stage to revise decades-old satellite power limits. This initiative is part of a broader effort to streamline and enhance the current regulatory framework, according to Jay Schwarz, the new head of the FCC’s space division. Speaking at the Space Symposium held in Colorado Springs, Schwarz highlighted the agency’s commitment to revisiting rules concerning the Ka and Ku band satellite frequencies.

Understanding the Need for Change

The current rules, initially established over 30 years ago, include Equivalent Power Flux Density (EPFD) caps that regulate the strength of signals from non-geostationary (NGSO) satellites to prevent interference with geosynchronous (GSO) orbit satellites. These regulations are now considered outdated due to significant advancements in satellite technology and the growing demand for better broadband services, especially in rural areas across the United States.

The FCC has scheduled a vote for April 28 to review how NGSO and GSO operators share the spectrum. Schwarz emphasized the technical nature of this proceeding, highlighting the necessity for robust technical analysis to ensure the goal of providing superior broadband services nationwide.

Key Issues on the Agenda

One of the major issues under discussion is the proposal to review the EPFD limits, which was a contentious topic at the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC). This conference, held every four years, serves as a platform to update global spectrum rules. The international regulators reached a compromise allowing technical studies on EPFD to be discussed in 2027, with no regulatory changes until the follow-on WRC in 2031. However, this compromise is viewed differently by various stakeholders.

GSO operators, such as Viasat, interpret this agreement as a delay in discussing regulatory proposals related to EPFD limits until 2031. Conversely, companies like SpaceX and other NGSO operators believe there is still room to explore alternative avenues for studying and possibly revising these limits. NGSO operators advocate for more flexibility in the caps to foster innovation, while GSO operators warn that such changes could jeopardize investments vital for the evolution of established systems.

Specifically, the FCC will consider granting a petition from SpaceX to initiate a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM). This would review GSO and NGSO spectrum sharing in the 10.7-12.7, 17.3-18.6, and 19.7-20.2 gigahertz bands. The NPRM aims to solicit feedback on several critical areas:

• Assessing how technological advancements in satellite technology affect EPFD limits and the efficacy of current protections for GSO networks.
• Seeking input on suitable short- and long-term protection criteria for GSO networks and identifying reference links needed for compliance evaluation.
• Exploring methods to enhance spectrum sharing through improved communication between GSO and NGSO operators, addressing aggregate interference, and maintaining protection for co-frequency terrestrial stations.
  

  Evolving Attitudes Towards Regulation
  

  Since taking office on February 4, replacing Julie Kearney, Schwarz has been leading the FCC’s Space Bureau in its mission to reform licensing procedures and spectrum access. He described the current licensing system as a "classic gatekeeper system" designed for an industry of the past, one that could tolerate such a system. However, this approach is no longer suited for today’s fast-paced industry.

  Schwarz emphasized the FCC’s shift from a "bias for gatekeeping to a bias for permission," drawing parallels to other industries in the U.S., such as the trucking industry, which experienced growth after deregulation in the 1980s. The evidence suggests that opening regulatory gates leads to significant gains in industries with competitive structures.

  While Schwarz did not delve into specific details, he mentioned efforts to eliminate soft barriers to entry, such as lengthy and resource-intensive application processes. The FCC’s vision is not just to improve the licensing system marginally but to revolutionize it by working smarter and reimagining the current paradigm.

  The Path Forward
  

  The ongoing discussions and potential regulatory changes are pivotal in shaping the future of satellite communications and broadband services. By revisiting and potentially revising the EPFD limits and spectrum-sharing rules, the FCC aims to strike a balance between fostering innovation and protecting existing investments in the satellite industry.

  This initiative underscores the importance of adapting regulatory frameworks to keep pace with technological advancements and market demands. As the world becomes increasingly dependent on satellite technology for communication and connectivity, such regulatory updates are crucial to ensure efficient spectrum use and robust broadband services for all.

  Conclusion
  

  The FCC’s efforts to update satellite power limits reflect a broader commitment to modernize and streamline the regulatory environment. By addressing outdated rules and fostering an atmosphere conducive to innovation, the FCC aims to enhance broadband services across the United States. This endeavor is not without its challenges, as balancing the needs of NGSO and GSO operators requires careful consideration and technical expertise. However, the potential benefits of improved connectivity and economic growth make this a critical undertaking for the future of satellite communications.

  For more detailed information, you can refer to the original article published at SpaceNews.

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